Instead of dedicating time to fixing the defect, Alcorn decided it gave the game more difficulty and helped limit the time the game could be played he imagined two skilled players being able to play forever otherwise. This was caused by a simple circuit that had an inherent defect. Another feature was that the in-game paddles were unable to reach the top of the screen. He also made the ball accelerate the longer it remained in play missing the ball reset the speed. For example, the center segments return the ball at a 90° angle in relation to the paddle, while the outer segments return the ball at smaller angles. He divided the paddle into eight segments to change the ball's angle of return. Feeling the basic game was too boring, Alcorn added features to give the game more appeal. He went on to create his own designs based on his knowledge of transistor–transistor logic (TTL) and Bushnell's game. Īlcorn first examined Bushnell's schematics for Computer Space, but found them to be illegible. Though he thought the game lacked quality, seeing it prompted Bushnell to assign the project to Alcorn. In May 1972, Bushnell had visited the Magnavox Profit Caravan in Burlingame, California where he played the Magnavox Odyssey demonstration, specifically the table tennis game. However, Alcorn has claimed it was in direct response to Bushnell's viewing of the Magnavox Odyssey's Tennis game. In 2011, Bushnell stated that the game was inspired by previous versions of electronic tennis he had played before Bushnell played a version on a PDP-1 computer in 1964 while attending college. Bushnell told Alcorn that he had a contract with General Electric for a product, and asked Alcorn to create a simple game with one moving spot, two paddles, and digits for score keeping. To acclimate Alcorn to creating games, Bushnell gave him a project secretly meant to be a warm-up exercise. However, Bushnell had concerns that it might be too complicated for Alcorn's first game. Bushnell had originally planned to develop a driving video game, influenced by Chicago Coin's Speedway (1969) which at the time was the biggest-selling electro-mechanical game at his amusement arcade. Prior to working at Atari, Alcorn had no experience with video games. Soon after the founding, Bushnell hired Allan Alcorn because of his experience with electrical engineering and computer science Bushnell and Dabney also had previously worked with him at Ampex. The first contract was with Bally Manufacturing Corporation for a driving game.
After producing Computer Space, Bushnell decided to form a company to produce more games by licensing ideas to other companies. Pong was the first game developed by Atari. Atari engineer Allan Alcorn designed and built Pong as a training exercise. The goal is for each player to reach eleven points before the opponent points are earned when one fails to return the ball to the other. Players use the paddles to hit a ball back and forth. They can compete against another player controlling a second paddle on the opposing side. The player controls an in-game paddle by moving it vertically across the left or right side of the screen. Pong is a two-dimensional sports game that simulates table tennis. The score is displayed at the top of the screen.
Gameplay The two paddles return the ball back and forth. Pong is part of the permanent collection of the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C., due to its cultural impact.
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The game was remade on numerous home and portable platforms following its release. The home version was also a commercial success and led to numerous clones. During the 1975 Christmas season, Atari released a home version of Pong exclusively through Sears retail stores. Eventually, Atari's competitors released new types of video games that deviated from Pong's original format to varying degrees, and this, in turn, led Atari to encourage its staff to move beyond Pong and produce more innovative games themselves.Ītari released several sequels to Pong that built upon the original's gameplay by adding new features. Soon after its release, several companies began producing games that closely mimicked its gameplay. Pong was the first commercially successful video game, and it helped to establish the video game industry along with the Magnavox Odyssey. In response, Magnavox later sued Atari for patent infringement. Bushnell based the game's concept on an electronic ping-pong game included in the Magnavox Odyssey, the first home video game console. It was one of the earliest arcade video games it was created by Allan Alcorn as a training exercise assigned to him by Atari co-founder Nolan Bushnell, but Bushnell and Atari co-founder Ted Dabney were surprised by the quality of Alcorn's work and decided to manufacture the game. Pong is a table tennis–themed twitch arcade sports video game, featuring simple two-dimensional graphics, manufactured by Atari and originally released in 1972.
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